Moses was one of the most influential black leaders of the civil rights movement. He initiated and organized voter registration drives, sit-ins, and Freedoom Schools for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. He helped to lead the Council of Federated Organizations into the Mississippi Summer Project, now known as Freedom Summer.
Moses runs the Baltimore Algebra Project, which strives to improve math education in poor communities. He is the co-author of "Radical Equations: Civil Rights From Mississippi to the Algebra Project."